The responsibility for local governance and management of the city of Nanded is vested with the Nanded-Waghala City Municipal Corporation (NWCMC). While NWCMC is responsible for overall development of the city, including provision and maintenance of core civic services, there are other agencies responsible for planning, development and provision of specific services in the city. Such key stakeholders include:

a. District Administration: The District Urban Development Agency domiciled in the District headquarters is responsible for planning and administration of specific schemes sponsored by the Government of Maharashtra, including poverty alleviation and housing for the poor, education and health services, slum development programs, etc.

b. Town Planning Department, Government of Maharashtra: This department, represented by an Additional Director of Town Planning based in Nanded, is responsible for preparation of Development Plan of the City as the provisions of Maharashtra Regional & Town Planning Act, 1966, while implementation of the Development Plan is the responsibility of Nanded Waghala City Municipal Corporation.

c. Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran (MJP): This is a state nodal agency responsible for planning, design and implementation of public health engineering systems and infrastructure in urban and rural areas of the state. However, the role of this department in urban areas has been on the decline, as the local governments are increasingly preferring to carry out these activities by themselves, through external technical assistance.

d. Public Works Department (PWD): The Roads 7 Buildings Department of the state Public Works Department is responsible for development and maintenance of all non-municipal roads within municipal jurisdictions. These generally include the state highways, major and other district roads. The Irrigation Department of the PWD is responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of major drainage channels, rivers and tributaries.

e. Maharashtra State Electricity Development Company Limited (MSEDC): The MSEDC is responsible for planning, design and implementation of all power related infrastructure and services in the city. The existing connected load in the city is 90 MW.

f. Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSTRC): a State Transport Undertaking, operates City passenger bus service in few select routes and is also responsible for all inter-city / regional bus services to and from Nanded city.

g. Regional Transport Office (RTO): The Regional Transport Office is responsible for registration of vehicles, issue of permits, for commercial vehicles, regulation, emission control, issue of driving licenses, etc.

h. Traffic Police Department, Maharashtra Police: The traffic police department is responsible for traffic regulation and management in the city.

i. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. (BSNL): This is the largest telecom service provider in both the segments basic and cellular services in Nanded city. In addition, there are other private stakeholders like Bharti Tele Ventures Limited (Air Tel) Idea Cellular Limited, Reliance Infocomm Limited and Tata Tele Services Limited.

Table 2: Institutional Matrix for Urban Service Delivery

Sl.	Service / Function	Planning & Design	Implementation	Operation & Maintenance
1	Development Plan Preparation (Landuse Zoning & Regulations)	Town Planning Department, GoM	NWCMC	--
2	Water Supply*	MJP / NWCMC	MJP / NWCMC	NWCMC
3	Sewerage & Sanitation*	MJP / NWCMC	MJP / NWCMC	NWCMC
4	Storm Water Drainage	NWCMC	NWCMC	NWCMC
5	Solid Waste Management	NWCMC	NWCMC	NWCMC
6	Roads & Bridges	NWCMC/PWD	NWCMC/PWD	NWCMC/PWD
7	Street Lighting	NWCMC	NWCMC	NWCMC
8	Urban Transportation	MSRTC
9	Traffic Management	Traffic Police / NWCMC	Traffic Police	Traffic Police / NWCMC
10	Transport Registration & Regulation		RTO
11	Parks & Play fields	NWCMC	NWCMC	NWCMC
12	Health & Education	NWCMC / GoM	NWCMC / GoM	NWCMC / GoM
13	Fire Services	NWCMC	NWCMC	NWCMC
14	Slum Development	NWCMC	NWCMC	NWCMC
15	Poverty Alleviation Programs	DUDA / NWCMC	NWCMC	NWCMC

1.1. Nanded-Waghala City Municipal Corporation

Nanded Waghala City Municipal Corporation (NWCMC) was established on 26th March 1997, by merging Nanded Municipal Council and adjoining Waghala Municipal Council. The Corporation is constituted under the provisions of Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporations Act, 1949 and is also governed by the provisions of 74th Constitutional Amendments Act 1992(CAA). In addition to the Waghala Municipal Council, the following areas were merged with the NWCMC:

a. Vasarni Village

b. Kautha Village

c. Asarjan Village

d. Fatehjangpur Village

e. Asadwan Village and

f. CIDCO and HUDCO colonies

The total area under the NWCMC jurisdiction is 51.76 Sq.km, (5,176.66 Ha). Nanded City is divided in two parts i.e. Old Nanded (20.62 Sq.km) north of the Godavari river (on the left bank) and New Nanded (31.14 Sq.km) comprising of Waghala and six other newly merged villages and CIDCO area, south of the Godavari river (on the right bank).

1.1.1. Municipal Functions

The obligatory and discretionary functions of the municipal corporation are spelt out under sections 63 and 66 of BPMC Act 1949. The key functions carried out by NWCMC include:

a. Obligatory Functions

i. Public hospitals and dispensaries, vaccination, epidemic control and prevention of dangerous diseases, medical relief, family planning and welfare etc.

ii. Removing dangerous buildings etc.

iii. Solid Waste Management

iv. Drainage and sewerage systems

v. Water supply

vi. Roads, markets, slaughterhouses, washing places, drinking fountains, tanks, wells, etc.

vii. Fire Brigade

viii. Parks and leisure paces

ix. Street Lights

x. Disposal of dead bodies

xi. Regulating and preventing offensive and dangerous trades or practices

xii. Removing encroachment on Government properties

xiii. Registering of births and deaths

xiv. Primary Schools

xv. Welfare measures for scheduled castes and tribes, etc.

xvi. Establishing and maintaining relief work in times of scarcity or for destitute persons residing within Municipal limits

b. Discretionary Functions

i. Public hospitals and homes for destitute and disabled persons

ii. Grants and donations to privately run primary and secondary schools

iii. Treatment of sewerage and waste

iv. Town halls, shops, open air theaters, stadiums, rest houses

v. Transport

vi. Electricity and LPG supply

vii. Ceremonies, fairs, exhibitions etc.

viii. Destroy harmful animals

ix. Welfare of municipal employees

x. Sanitary dwellings for the poor

xi. Educational institutions

1.1.2. Organizational Structure of NWCMC

The organization structure comprises of an elected wing and an executive wing.

a. Elected Wing: The elected wing is represented by the General Body (GB) constituted by 73 elected members / Municipal Corporators and 5 co-opted members. The General Body together with Municipal Administrators and Departmental Heads formulate the framework for discharge of municipal functions, both obligatory and discretionary, of the Municipal Corporation. Apart from GB there are 5 Committees constituted with elected Members including Standing Committee of 16 elected Members, to address matters related to administration / provision of civic services in a most appropriate manner.

Figure 1: Organization Structure of NWCMC – Elected Wing

b. Executive Wing: The administrative or executive wing is headed by the Municipal Commissioner, appointed by the State Government. The Municipal Corporation is organized into five geographical Divisions for effective service delivery and management. Further, there are 24 multi-member electoral wards drawn for the purpose of the corporation elections, which also double up as administrative and management sub-divisions.

The executive wing is organized into 25 functional departments that are responsible for day-to-day functioning of the Municipal Corporation, including planning, engineering, operations & maintenance and other service delivery functions.

Figure 2: Organization Structure of NWCMC – Executive Wing

1.1. Key Issues & Strategy Options for Institutional Development

1.1.1. Issues & Observations

a. Limited institutional capability: NWCMC being a young Municipal Corporation, upgraded from a municipal council, has limited institutional and technical capacity to plan and implement projects. The limitations are in terms of inadequacy of number and appropriately qualified staff (the total manpower strength of NWCMC is about 2,100 against the estimated requirement of around 3,000 personnel for a city with a population size of about 500,000), and lack of technical capability for conceptualizing, planning and implementing city developmental works, as also in managing them.

b. Absence of appropriate Management Information System: Most of the systems and procedures in the ULB are traditional manual systems, involving maintenance of registers manually. Inadvertently, over time the record keeping has been inadequate and critical information required for planning and decision-making is often not available when required. This may be attributed to shortage of manpower as also the absence of a system of information maintenance and management.

c. Limited Computerization: Despite the availability of computers, their application is very limited, primarily due to the lack of customized software systems as also large levels of computer illiteracy.

1.1.2. Strategy Options

a. Capacity building through training and workshop: NWCMC, as part of its strategy to build in-house capacity, to train the existing manpower resource through medium of structured training programs and workshops. Focus to be on various elements including planning, project development, procurement, implementation, management, etc. Staff to be rotated inter-department in order to promote in multi-skilling and team building.

b. Capacity Building through Public Private Partnership: NWCMC to explore the option of sourcing of services from private sector agencies for design engineering and project management services including quality supervision and project monitoring. NWCMC will need to formulate a framework for promoting or facilitating PPP / PSP in project development using various tools of Concessioning or models of Build Operate Transfer (BOT) depending upon the project requirement.

c. Decentralization of municipal functions and activities: NWCMC to reorganize in a time-bound manner, the entire executive wing into zonal and ward level offices, with central planning and management functions at the central office and all day-to-day activities delegated to zonal and ward officers.

d. Development of a Computerized ERP System: NWCMC to develop a computerized management information system on an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) framework based on a detailed study of systems and procedures. The system to be capable of generating vital information for a variety of planning, monitoring and decision making activities.

2. Demography and Economic Development

2.1. Demography

2.1.1. Population

The population of Nanded city, as per 2001 census was 430,733. The population of the city has grown from 126,518 in 1971 to the 2001 level of 430,733 at a CAGR of about 4.17 per cent.

Table 3: Population Trends in Nanded

Year	Population (Census)	Decadal Growth	CAGR	CAGR from 1971
1971	126,518	--	--	--
1981	191,269	51%	4.22%	4.22%
1991	309,316	62%	4.92%	4.57%
2001	430,733	39%	3.37%	4.17%

Source: Census of India

It may be noted from the above table that the population growth rate during the last decade (1991 to 2001) has been substantially lower than the previous decade. This, despite the fact that the municipal territorial jurisdiction more than doubled in area from 20.62 sq.km. in 1991 to 51.76 sq.km. in 2001.

Table 4 presents some of the key demographic data of Nanded city as per 2001 census.

Table 4: Demographic Data of Nanded City as per Census of India 2001

1	Total Number of Households	72,733
2	Total Population	430,733
	Male	224843
	Female	205890
3	Population density	183.05 persons/ha
4	Literacy Rate	81.50%
	Male Literacy	89%
	Female Literacy	73%
5	Average House Hold Size	5.92

Source: Census of India

2.2. Economic Base

Historically Nanded was known for its presence in the Textiles manufacturing sector due to the presence of Osmaan Shahi Textile Mills (Now known as Nanded Textile Mills Corporation), Cotton Research Center and Textile Corporation of Nanded. During the 1980s Nanded Textile Mills used to provide employment to around 10,000 people. However, the closure of these entities have affected the growth industrial activities in the city / region.

Currently, the economic base of Nanded city appears to be primarily reliant on the tertiary sector, more specifically on trade and commerce followed by education, tourism, health and transportation services. The workforce participation rate is about 23.66 percent (2001 Census), of which about 95.1 percent is in the tertiary sector. It may be observed from the following tables that the workforce participation rate has declined from 24.16 percent in 1991 to 23.66 percent in 2001. Also, the share of tertiary sector workforce in the total has increased from 93.28 percent to 95.1 percent. These are all indicators of declining employment opportunities.

Table 5: Occupation Pattern in Nanded (1991 Census)

Sl.	Occupation Category	No. of Workers			% Of Total
Sl.	Occupation Category	Male	Female	*Total*	Working Force	Population
1	Primary Sector	3684	621	1576	6.48	1.56
2	House Hold Industry	611	509	1120	1.69	0.41
3	Manufacturing	11146	1003	12149	18.29	4.41
4	Electricity, Gas & Water Supply.
5	Construction	6209	662	6871	10.34	2.5
6	Transport, Storage & Communication.	6571	92	6663	10.03	2.42
7	Banking & Insurance
8	Trade & Business	15982	590	16572	24.95	6.02
9	Services	15123	3621	18744	28.22	6.82
	TOTAL	59326	7098	63695	100	24.14

Table 6: Occupation Pattern in Nanded (2001 Census)

Sl.	Occupation Category	No. of Workers			% of Total
Sl.	Occupation Category	Male	Female	*Total*	Working Force	Population
1	Primary Sector	2388	814	3302	2.97	0.70
2	House Hold Industry	1205	1868	3073	2.76	0.65
3	Manufacturing	15023	1669	16692	15.00	3.55
4	Electricity, Gas & Water Supply.	77907	10411	88318	79.36	95.10
5	Construction
6	Transport, Storage & Communication.
7	Banking & Insurance
8	Trade & Business
9	Services
	TOTAL	96523	14762	111285	100	23.66

The current key economic drivers in the city are

a. Trade and commerce – catering to the local market and the rural hinterland

b. Pilgrim tourism related activities – supported by the estimated 1 million pilgrims that visit the Sachkand Gurudwara and other Gurudwaras in and around Nanded

c. Educational institutions – including the SRMT University and engineering, medical and law colleges that are regional facilities

d. Health facilities – represented by the public hospitals and several private clinics and health care facilities scattered around the city

According to a survey for enumerating population below poverty line (BPL) carried out in 1997, there were about 6,984 households below poverty line – about 10 percent of the 2001 population. The Municipal Corporation is responsible for implementation of the Government of India’s Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rojgar Yojana, aimed at benefiting BPL households.

2.2.1. Industrial infrastructure in Nanded City

Presently the city has two Industrial Estates. The Co-operative Industrial Estate is within the city and the other, MIDC just at the outskirts. MIDC has developed an industrial area of 271.90 hectors. Out of the 335 plots in this area 326 plots have been allotted to the various entrepreneurs. There are at present around 15 large-scale units and 900 odd small-scale units engaged in the manufacturing activities. Some of the prominent ones include Sipta Coated Steels Limited, Shiva Fertilizers, Kohinoor Feeds and Fats that are functioning well.

2.2.2. Trade and Commerce

Nanded being predominantly being an agrarian economy its trade and commerce in the city is also driven by the prospects in the agro-sector. Nanded has emerged as one of the important regional centers for trade and commerce because:

a. Of it’s being surrounded by 6 other districts including Parbhani, Latur and Osmanabad in the West, Yavatmal in the North, Bidar (Karnataka) in the south and Nizamabad and Adilabad (A.P) in the East. By virtue of Nanded being the largest urban center in the region it has emerged has one of the important hubs for trade and commerce particularly for agro-based products

b. Of its close proximity as well as good connectivity to other large urban centers like Nagpur, Hyderabad and Aurangabad

c. Historically, the city is known for its strength in trading of Cotton goods, particularly clothing and readymade goods. Nanded is also one of the big regional trading hub for Banana, Custard Apple, Lime / Sweet Lime, Soya Bean as they form the significant part of the agricultural produce apart from having good trade presences in Dals / Pulses.

14/Aug/2006